Hybrid VTOL UAVs: A Comprehensive Review of Technology, Applications and Advancements
Authors :- Sutariya, V., Bathani, J., Ajudia, R., Kumar, A.
Publication :- Advances in Design and Automation: Select Proceedings of ICFAMMT 2024, Springer- 2025
Hybrid VTOL UAVs represent an innovative and versatile category of unmanned aerial vehicles, combining the advantages of both rotary-wing and fixed-wing aircraft. They possess the capability to perform vertical take-offs and landings like helicopters, while maintaining efficient high-speed flight characteristics akin to aeroplanes. This unique combination opens doors to a wide array of applications, from urban air mobility and package delivery to search and rescue missions and infrastructure inspections. The paper delves into a comprehensive exploration of hybrid VTOL UAV technology, from their diverse configurations and design challenges to the cutting-edge propulsion, flight control, and navigation systems that drive their operations. It also spotlights the extensive range of applications for these UAVs while acknowledging the hurdles that must be overcome for widespread deployment. The review underscores the superior attributes of hybrid VTOL UAVs, including their adaptability to confined spaces, long-range capabilities, and fuel-efficient hybrid propulsion systems. While design challenges persist, such as developing efficient propulsion and safe transition mechanisms, the advancements in hybrid VTOL UAV technology are noteworthy. Prominent companies and research institutions are actively developing these aircraft for applications like package delivery and urban air mobility, promising transformative impacts across industries. As hybrid VTOL UAV technology matures, it is poised to revolutionise various sectors, facilitating remote deliveries, urban transport, and lifesaving missions. These UAVs are on the cusp of playing an increasingly integral role in our daily lives.